Plantas daninhas resistentes a herbicidas no Brasil

Hoje, no mundo são 502 casos de plantas daninhas resistentes a herbicidas (espécies x sítio de ação), com 263 espécies (152 dicotiledôneas e 111 monocotiledôneas). As plantas daninhas desenvolveram resistência a 21 dos 30 locais de ação conhecidos dos herbicidas e a 164 diferentes herbicidas. As plantas daninhas resistentes a herbicidas foram relatadas em 94 culturas em 71 países (Heap, 2021).

Planta daninha	Ano	Herbicida
Bidens pilosa	1993	chlorimuron, imazaquin, imazethapyr, nicosulfuron e pyrithiobac
Euphorbia heterophylla	1993	chlorimuron, cloransulam, imazamox, imazaquin e imazethapyr
Bidens subalternans	1996	chlorimuron, imazethapyr e nicosulfuron
Urochloa plantaginea	1997	butroxydim, diclofop, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, propaquizafop, quizalofop e sethoxydim
Sagittaria montevidensis	1999	bispyribac, cyclosulfamuron, ethoxysulfuron, metsulfuron e pyrazosulfuron
Echinochloa crus-pavonis	1999	quinclorac
Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli	1999	quinclorac
Cyperus difformis	2000	cyclosulfamuron e pyrazosulfuron
Fimbristylis miliacea	2001	pyrazosulfuron
Raphanus sativus	2001	chlorimuron, cloransulam, imazethapyr, metsulfuron e nicosulfuron
Digitaria ciliaris	2002	cyhalofop, fenoxaprop, fluazifop, haloxyfop, propaquizafop e sethoxydim
Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum	2003	glyphosate
Eleusine indica	2003	cyhalofop, fenoxaprop e sethoxydim
Euphorbia heterophylla	2004	acifluorfen, cloransulam, diclosulam, flumetsulam, flumiclorac, fomesafen, imazethapyr, lactofen, metsulfuron, nicosulfuron e saflufenacil
Parthenium hysterophorus	2004	chlorimuron, cloransulam, foramsulfuron, imazethapyr e iodosulfuron
Conyza bonariensis	2005	glyphosate
Conyza canadensis	2005	glyphosate
Oryza sativa var. sylvatica	2006	imazapic e imazethapyr
Bidens subalternans	2006	atrazine, foramsulfuron e iodosulfuron
Digitaria insularis	2008	glyphosate
Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli	2009	bispyribac, imazethapyr, penoxsulam e quinclorac
Sagittaria montevidensis	2009	bentazon, bispyribac, ethoxysulfuron, imazethapyr, metsulfuron, penoxsulam e pyrazosulfuron
Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum	2010	iodosulfuron
Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum	2010	clethodim e glyphosate
Conyza sumatrensis	2010	glyphosate
Avena fatua	2010	clodinafop
Conyza sumatrensis	2011	chlorimuron
Conyza sumatrensis	2011	chlorimuron e glyphosate
Amaranthus retroflexus	2011	atrazine, prometryn e trifloxysulfuron
Amaranthus viridis	2011	atrazine, prometryn e trifloxysulfuron
Amaranthus retroflexus	2012	pyrithiobac e trifloxysulfuron
Raphanus raphanistrum	2013	chlorimuron, cloransulam, imazapic, imazapyr, iodosulfuron, metsulfuron e sulfometuron
Ageratum conyzoides	2013	pyrithiobac e trifloxysulfuron
Chloris elata	2014	glyphosate
Amaranthus retroflexus	2014	fomesafen
Cyperus iria	2014	bispyribac, imazapic, imazethapyr, penoxsulam e pyrazosulfuron
Amaranthus palmeri	2015	glyphosate
Echium plantagineum	2015	metsulfuron
Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli	2015	cyhalofop, penoxsulam e quinclorac
Eleusine indica	2016	glyphosate
Amaranthus palmeri	2016	chlorimuron, cloransulam, glyphosate e imazethapyr
Digitaria insularis	2016	fenoxaprop e haloxyfop
Bidens pilosa	2016	atrazine e imazethapyr
Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum	2016	clethodim e iodosulfuron
Conyza sumatrensis	2016	paraquat
Lolium perenne ssp. multiflorum	2017	glyphosate, iodosulfuron e pyroxsulam
Conyza sumatrensis	2017	saflufenacil
Conyza sumatrensis	2017	chlorimuron, glyphosate e paraquat
Eleusine indica	2017	fenoxaprop, glyphosate e haloxyfop
Conyza sumatrensis	2017	2,4-D, diuron, glyphosate, paraquat e saflufenacil
Amaranthus hybridus (syn: quitensis)	2018	chlorimuron e glyphosate
Euphorbia heterophylla	2019	glyphosate
Echinochloa crus-galli var. crus-galli	2020	glyphosate
Digitaria insularis	2020	glyphosate, fenoxaprop e haloxyfop

*O fundo amarelo indica casos de resistência múltipla, ou seja, quando a planta daninha é resistente a dois ou mais herbicidas de diferentes mecanismos de ação.

Referência: Heap, I. The International Herbicide-Resistant Weed Database. Online. July 2, 2021.  Available: www.weedscience.org.

HRAC: https://www.hrac-br.org/